This article talks about earthquakes, its magnitude scale, causes, types, etc. Last updated on saturday, january 18th, 2020 leave a comment. Earthquakes shake the ground surface, can cause buildings to collapse, disrupt transport and services, and can cause fires. The movement of earths crust resulting from the release of built up potential energy between two stuck tectonic plates. Earthquakes are recorded by instruments called seismographs. As to the causes of earthquakes, some maintain that they are caused by volcanoes, while others say that they are due to the sudden contraction of the earth or the falling in of hollow spaces in the earth.
Earthquakes vary in sizes, for instance, there are quakes that are weak and are not enough to be felt by people or even destroy cities. Causes and effects of earthquakes paragraph the college. Earthquake effects we all know that the effects of an earthquake are terrible and devastating. This shaking can result in the damage of various structures such as buildings and further breakdown of the earths surface. It is caused due to the energy release, which triggers waves that travel in all. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking po, ssc, state civil services exams and so on. View more articles from proceedings of the american philosophical society. The places along the boundaries where they bump and slip are called faults.
Earthquakes can cause buildings to crumble and fall. First we need some basic information about earthquakes and their effects on the built environment. Volcanic eruptions can cause serious consequences for humans and other organisms. Cause and effect why earthquakes occur how earthquakes are measured earthquake effects mitigation strategy earthquake time histories this series of slides introduces the source and effect of ground motions. An earthquake is a sudden shaking movement of the surface of the earth. The blocks of rock move past each other along a fault.
Earthquakes occur mainly as a result of plate tectonics, which involves blocks of the earth moving about the earths surface. Department of civil engineering, university of canterbury, christchurch, new zealand. An earthquake occurs because of geologic forces inside the earth. Several buildings collapsed, schools, hospitals, a whole city may be destroyed due to it. It is difficult to classify any of the three people as belonging to a single discipline.
Pdf landslide dams are potentially dangerous obstructions caused by river blocking slope failures that occur frequently in tectonically. The deadly izmit earthquake struck northwest turkey on august 17, 1999, at 3 a. When an earthquake causes the ground to shake, the base of the seismograph shakes too, but the hanging weight. An earthquake also referred to as tremor or quake is the trembling that happens on the earths surface as a result of sudden energy release to the earth lithosphere, therefore, developing seismic waves. This release of energy causes intense ground shaking in the area near the source of the earthquake and sends waves of elastic energy, called seismic waves, throughout the earth. In later sections of this course, we will take a closer look at evaluating a communitys safety. It includes 10 multiple choice reading comprehension questions and an answer key. After you have finished reading the article, make a list of the highlighted effects. As with earthquake causes and surface effects, seismologists have been. The destructive force of earthquakes has stimulated. Describe how the contents of such kits help people survive the first days after an earthquake or volcanic eruption. We are providing correct, sufficient and quality information in one pool. A tsunami or wave, additionally called a seismic ocean wave, could be a series of waves during a water body caused by the displacement of an outsized volume of water, usually in an ocean or an outsized lake.
Complete disaster management material pdfs in telugu. The causes of deep earthquakes below 300 km are quite different from a crustal rupture. It covers plate tectonics, the intricacies of each terrible phenomina, and their effects as well as the impact they have on each other, how they can be predicted and, if possible. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and alternative underwater explosions including detonations of underwater nuclear devices, landslides, ice mass. These forces bring about changes on the earth surface and physical features like mountains, plateaus and rift valleys are formed. Earthquakes can range in size from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt to those violent enough to propel objects and people into the air, and wreak destruction across entire cities. Its like when youre teacher loses their marbles because. When this happens, tremendous energy is released suddenly. Foreshocks, small earthquakes that sometimes precede the main earthquake, can be used as a warning system that a large shock may be on the way.
This activity will enable you to identify some of the effects due to earthquakes. Earthquake effects earthquake information dk find out. Expanded results show more results per page up to 100 lists organize our sounds into unlimited personalized lists. Earthquake,causes,effects es ppt linkedin slideshare. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Extra sounds s of sounds exclusively for gold members added weekly. Earthquakes are usually quite brief, but there may be many over a short time frame. Their causes and effects is an article from proceedings of the american philosophical society, volume 48. Quaking earth mountains of fire effects of earthquakes, volcanoes explains how volcanoes are formed, what causes them to erupt, and what happens during an eruption. Unit 4 earthquake effects introduction in the last unit, we looked at the causes and characteristics of earthquakes. An earthquake occurs when the two plates that are stuck suddenly break apart. The challenge of earthquake science living on an active earth. Earthquakes gandhinagar institute of technology presented by. Over 14,000 residents of the region were killed as poorly constructed. Earthquakes often cause dramatic changes at earths surface. Nestled within the circumpacific belt, the valdivia earthquake was the most powerful in a series of quakes that struck the region, measuring at a magnitude of about 9. Causes and effects of earthquakes, free essay sample. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about causes and effect of earthquakes ppt. Causes, effects and geographical distribution of earthquakes.
The passage explains what causes earthquakes and how they are measured. The forces that cause deformation are referred to as stresses. Download complete disaster management material pdfs in telugu. Thousands of aftershocks may follow an earthquake and can be quite destructive, especially to those structures that have already been weakened and damaged. Eventually they become so strong that they cause rocks to break underground. Causes of earthquake in nepal geographical analysis. An earthquake also known as a quake, tremor or temblor is the shaking of the surface of the earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the earths lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Consequently, the pragmatic inquiry into the causes and effects of earthquakes has become increasingly fused with.
Also investigates the causes and effects of earthquakes and how people live in the shadow of these constant threats. In addition to the ground movements, other surface effects include changes in the flow of groundwater, landslides, and mudflows. Fema 451b topic 2 notes earthquake mechanics 2 2 instructional material complementing fema 451, design examples earthquake mechanics 2 2 earthquakes. Earthquakes are caused by disturbances in the interior of the earth and other causes. Pdf earthquakes and tsunamis download full pdf book. Prior to knowing the causes of earthquake in nepal, we have to think about the land arrangement of nepal. Knowing more about the effects of earthquakes helps us understand the mitigation steps that must be taken to protect a. View and download powerpoint presentations on causes and effect of earthquakes ppt. Earthquakes constitute one of the worst natural hazards which often turn into disaster causing widespread destruction and loss to human life. Pdf understanding the causes and effects of earthquakeinduced. Most earthquakes occur along zones where the earths crust is undergoing. The effects of earthquake vary upon the magnitude and intensity.
Earthquakes can range in size from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt to those violent enough to toss people around and destroy whole cities. Definition, causes, measures and other details with diagram. Earthquakes occur every now and then all round the world, except in some places where earthquakes occur rarely. In addition to causing devastating tremors on land, the earthquake also generated a deadly tsunami, reaching up to 80 feet high. Earthquake, any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through earths rocks. The effects caused by an earthquake the surrounding. Unit 3 earthquake causes and characteristics introduction in the last unit, we explored the historical importance and intent of executive order 12699. Modelling of the socalled tsunami earthquakes suggests that an event for which 10%. Understanding the causes and effects of earthquakeinduced landslide dams. Earthquake science explained is a series of short articles for students, teachers, and parents originally published as weekly features in the san francisco chronicle. It sits on the limits of two structural plates, for example, indian plate and eurasian plate additionally called tibetan plate. The disturbances inside the earth are called tectonic movements. Volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis is the essential guide to what causes the most frightening geological events with which we are faced today.
Roads and railroad tracks may be destroyed, affecting communication and rescue attempts. The epicenter is the point on earths surface directly above the focus. An earthquake cause several impacts on the natural. The report is intended to help students and others visualize what causes earthquake shaking and. Nepal is a nation which does not sit on a single structural plate. Earthquake simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Earthquakes we are posting comprehensive material on earthquakes, their causes, effects and mitigation strategies and actions as part of complete disaster management material in telugu in pdf format for telugu medium students for upsc civil services, appsc and tspsc group 1, group 2. Over the last century, earthquakes have caused an average of 10,000 deaths per year. The focus is the point on the fault surface where motion begins. Can cause major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions. Ncert notes on important topics for the upsc civil services exam. Earthquakes earthquakes occur when energy stored in elastically strained rocks is suddenly released. Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another.
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